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Mud Fever
Stephanie Shen, DVM • May 23, 2024
Learn the causes, treatments, and how to prevent.
Mud fever (also known as pastern dermatitis, scratches, dew poisoning, greasy heel, or cracked heels) is a common skin condition that affects a horse’s lower legs. It can be caused by irritation, bacteria, or fungal infection. Here’s what you need to know about mud fever:
Causes and Risk Factors:
- Bacteria: One of the most common causes is a bacteria called Dermatophilus congolensis, which lives naturally on the skin but can penetrate weakened skin.
- Wet Conditions: Mud fever is more prevalent during wet winter months when the ground is muddy and conditions weaken the skin.
- Other Factors: Photosensitivity, and chronic mange mites can exacerbate the condition.
Symptoms:
- Crusty scabs on the heels or lower legs.
- Broken or damaged skin.
- Matted hair or patches of hair loss with red, raw skin underneath.
- Discharge between the skin and scabs.
- Heat, pain, and swelling in the lower limb.
- In severe cases, lameness or cellulitis may occur.
Treatment:
- Clip the hair away from the affected area.
- Gently wash with an antibacterial or antifungal shampoo.
- Pat the area dry and apply a topical treatment (as directed by your vet).
- Keep the horse off wet pastures and in a clean, dry stall.
- Use zinc-oxide-based cream to soften scabs and create a moisture barrier.
Prevention:
- Keep footing dry in stalls and turnout areas.
- Use dry bedding.
- Avoid unnecessary washing of legs.
- Keep legs dry
- Maintain good hygiene
- Limit exposure to wet or muddy conditions.
Timely detection and effective management are crucial for treating and preventing mud fever in horses. If you suspect mud fever, consult your veterinarian for accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment.
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